Since a member of the numerous genus Sorex is venomous, it is likely that venom production among shrews and other eulipotyphlans may be more widespread than it has previously been assumed. Our results clearly show that shrew venoms possess hemolytic action that may allow them to hunt larger prey. PLA 2 and ADAMs are likely to produce hemolysis in frog erythrocytes. araneus we found five toxins: proenkephalin, kallikrein 1-related peptidase, beta-defensin, ADAM and lysozyme C. fodiens: proenkephalin, phospholipase A 2 (PLA 2), a disintegrin and metalloproteinase domain-containing protein (ADAM) and lysozyme C, as well as a non-toxic hyaluronidase. We identified four toxins in the venom of N. fodiens venom are stronger than those produced by S. Our findings confirm that hemolytic effects of N. araneus venom at concentration of 1.0 mg/ml caused an increased release of hemoglobin. fodiens venom at concentrations of 1.0 and 0.5 mg/ml and with S. araneus on hemolysis of red blood cells evaluated as hemoglobin release. We found significant concentration-dependent effects of venoms of N. We also provide the first experimental evidence that shrew venoms produce potent hemolysis in frog erythrocytes. Our results prove, confirming a suggestion made four centuries ago, that S. We identified toxins in shrew venom by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry. fodiens and the common shrew, Sorex araneus, in erythrocytes of Pelophylax sp. Here, we assayed the hemolytic effects of extracts from salivary glands of N. fodiens has potent paralytic activity which enables hunting and storing prey in a comatose state. Thus far, the toxicity and composition of shrew venoms have been studied only in two shrew species: the northern short-tailed shrew, Blarina brevicauda, and the Eurasian water shrew, Neomys fodiens. Venomous shrews produce toxins in their salivary glands and use their venoms to hunt and store prey. Venom production has evolved independently many times in the animal kingdom, although it is rare among mammals.
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